Basic esd and io design pdf

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Transistor—transistor logic TTL is a logic family built from bipolar junction transistors. Its name signifies that transistors perform both the logic function the first "transistor" and the amplifying function the second "transistor" ; it is the same naming convention used in resistor—transistor logic RTL and diode—transistor logic DTL. TTL integrated circuits ICs were widely used in applications such as computers , industrial controls, test equipment and instrumentation, consumer electronics, and synthesizers. Sometimes TTL-compatible logic levels are not associated directly with TTL integrated circuits, for example, they may be used at the inputs and outputs of electronic instruments. After their introduction in integrated circuit form in by Sylvania , TTL integrated circuits were manufactured by several semiconductor companies. The series by Texas Instruments became particularly popular.